The problem of cosmetic say when appearing are weakly increased, and the patient's desire to eliminate the changes induced by the need to improve their appearance and well-being. Skin color is due accumulating in the epidermis melaninie, and hemoglobin (in the form of oxidized and reduced). The skin is the darker, the more dye accumulates in the epidermis. The activity of the cells producing melanin pigment depends on many factors. Most important is the impact of the intensity of the sun. An important role is also played by hormonal factors such as estrogen, progesterone and melanotropowy hormone (MSH), and indirectly, testosterone and thyroid hormones. Discoloration of the skin is limited, or generalized changes in skin color. Arise mainly due to manufacturing problems and uneven color, excessive accumulation of melanin, resulting from a significant growth of pigmented cells, or are caused by the excessive influence of factors that stimulate melanocyte activity. The formation of pigmented spots also have a major impact our individual abilities and interests. Types of discoloration Freckles The most common skin lesions associated with uneven pigmentation include freckles (ephelides). A small space observed a higher content of pigment in the living layers of the epidermis and dermis. Special tendency to this kind of discoloration are people with naturally blond and red hair. They arise most commonly in the skin of the face, neck and hands. They are very small and usually are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the face and hands. In the autumn and winter, freckles and gradually fade away with the first, spring sunshine again be evident. Stains Another frequently occurring form of spots are spots (lentigines). If these changes increase the number of states within the melanocytes in the basal layer of epidermis, which also is linked with increased content of pigment in the epidermis. Changes can also reach the dermis. Spots known as "liver" arise in the face, mainly temples and backs of hands. Most are created in the elderly, with a clear complexion under the influence of the sun. Caused by long-time sunlight on the skin are not screened. Common mistake is to claim that the formation of spots is associated with the operation of internal factors.